Assessment of Bone mineral Density and Bone Biomarkers in Patients with Childhood-onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus overtime in Kuwait

The significance of the human skeleton as an endocrine organ has been emphasized in recent literature where it may have the ability to regulate metabolic pathways including insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis (1). Therefore, the consequences of T1D can significantly impact bone health and structural formation, leading to osteoporosis later in life (2). Kuwait is ranked the third country in the world in the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) (3). This will result in a growing number of childhood diabetic patients with long-term diabetes duration that may affect bone formation and quality. To our knowledge there are no previous studies addressing the effect of T1D on bone health in the State of Kuwait.

The purpose of our study is to assess BMD, bone biomarkers, inflammatory markers and microbiomes across different durations of diabetes and to evaluate the possible risk factors that may affect BMD in subjects diagnosed with T1D from 2011 till the end of the enrollment who receive their care in Farwaniya hospital and registered in the Childhood-Onset Diabetes electronic Registry (CODeR) in Kuwait.

This study will uncover bone biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines and microbiomes that are dysregulated in people with T1D that are linked to bone fragility in T1D patients. It will also generate new information regarding bone health in T1D subjects in Kuwait that will draw the attention of health care providers. Ultimately, this will aid directing resources to screen diabetic patients for BMD and to develop prevention programs.